The name Baroque originates from the Portuguese term "Barocco." This
was a term that was more of a jab than an adjective. It was used to describe bad or bizarre taste. it is the first time we
see such a diversity in arts and ideas at one time. At this time, instead of simply telling the story, we see over the top
drama and detailed embellishments all over the paintings and architecture. It also must be said that Baroque applied to all
visual art throughout Europe: visual art, architecture, music, drama, and literature. The Baroque lasted from the early 17th
century through the mid-18th century. This is the style of the Palace of Versailles,
Jonathan Swift (most known for writing Gulliver's Travels), Voltaire
(author and philosopher), Francesco Borromini (architect), and two major musicians: George Frideric Handel and Johann Sebastian Bach. In the visual arts
there were also two leaders. Most artists of this time followed one of these two artists. An artist
was a Rubéniste (French), or Rubenist (a follower of Peter Paul Rubens) or a Poussiniste (French), or Poussinist (a follower of Nicolas Poussin). What is the difference? Well, to break it down into the simplest denominator, a Rubenist believes that color rules over
design and a Poussinist feels that design rules over color. In the end, the Rubenists more deeply influenced the course of
the art world. I am a great admirer of the Rubenist artists my self, but I approach and create art more as a Poussinist (even
though I prefer Rubins’ work over Poussin’s). This is why I love art: it is always overly complex.
NOTE:
Due to the large amounts of content on each artist, you can find the information, photos, links, and other tid-bits
under the link on this page to the "Artists notes."
Peter Paul Rubens: June 28,1577-May 30,1640...Flanders (Holland)
Nicolas Poussin: June 1594- Nov. 19,1665...France
Ganlorenzo Bernini: Dec. 7,1598- Nov. 28,1680...Italy
Michelangelo Caravaggio: Sept.28,1571-July 18,1610...Italy
Artemisia Gentileschi: July 8,1593-1652/1653...Italy
Rembrandt van
Rijn: July 15,1606-Oct. 4,1669...Holland
Diego Velázquez: June 6,1599-Aug. 6,1660...Spain
Rococo:
Period after Baroque
that is known for its pastel colors, love subjects, and its Rubinist style. Arguably the best artist of this time was
Antoine Watteau.
Neo Classicism:
Following the Rococo,
this was a revival of classic art and ideas started with the very political, Jacques-Louis David and his masterwork, Oath of the Horatii. Coming from a drawing background and perspective, I feel that even though I do not spent a lot of
time at all with the Neo-Classical time frame, I need to mention one for the greats and one of my favorites, Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres. Ingres was a painting student of Jacques-Louis David. Although he was a great painter, he could draw
as well as anyone in the history of art.
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